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The primary global organization governing gi and no-gi competitions, setting standardized rules, points systems, and competition regulations.

A guard position where the practitioner rolls or inverts under the opponent, often using head-down or shoulder-down positions to create angles for sweeps or submissions. It requires strong hip mobility and precise timing.

A setup that isolates an opponent’s arm to establish control and leverage for sweeps, submissions, or positional transitions. Often used from guard, side control, or mount.

A guard pass where the top player slides their knee across the opponent’s thigh or shin, breaking posture and establishing side control. Timing and pressure are critical to prevent counters.

A half guard variant where a knee is placed across the opponent’s torso to create distance, block pressure, and facilitate sweeps or escapes.

A dominant top control where one knee presses into the opponent’s torso while the other leg supports balance. Used to apply pressure, maintain positional control, or set up submissions and transitions.

The principle of off-balancing an opponent to create openings for throws, sweeps, or submissions. Central to judo, BJJ, and wrestling-based techniques.

Submissions that use the opponent’s gi collar to compress the neck or carotid arteries. Variations include cross-collar, loop choke, and lapel drag setups. Lapel control is essential for finishing these techniques.

Using the opponent’s gi collar to manipulate posture, off-balance, or initiate attacks. Lapel drags are often combined with guard entries, sweeps, or takedown setups.

A guard position where a leg wraps around the opponent’s arm to control posture, prevent passes, and create sweep or submission opportunities. Often used in gi for leverage-based attacks.

Mount positions with different knee placements: low mount is closer to the opponent’s waist/chest for stability, while high mount puts the knees near armpits to restrict movement and set up submissions.

Informal term describing the cumulative hours spent training, rolling, drilling, or sparring on the mats, often used as a measure of experience and commitment.

Application of BJJ techniques, grips, and concepts within mixed martial arts. Emphasizes transitions from grappling to striking, submissions under different rulesets, and positional control against strikes.

Maintaining alignment and balance to both attack effectively and defend against sweeps, submissions, or strikes. Proper posture maximizes leverage while minimizing exposure to counters.

General term for guard positions where the legs are not locked around the opponent. Open guard provides mobility, sweep opportunities, and submission setups while emphasizing distance and control.

A guard pass where one arm threads under the opponent’s legs and the other over, allowing the top player to flatten the opponent and establish side control efficiently.

Positioning an arm over the opponent’s limb to control or prevent movement, often used in clinch control, guard passing, or sweep setups.

The ability to predict opponent movements and intentions to preempt attacks, maintain control, and set up transitions.

Linking position transitions in a fluid sequence to maintain advantage, control, and continuous attack pressure.

Ranking positions from dominant (e.g., mount, back control) to neutral or defensive (e.g., bottom guard), guiding strategy for attack, defense, and progression in both sport and MMA contexts.